Showing posts with label Random review. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Random review. Show all posts

Friday, September 17, 2010

今週の単語帳:9月16日

9月16日
単語の英訳をできるだけ早く書き込む

密輸(みつゆ): Smuggle
鈍行(どんこう): Slow (train/trip)
政局(せいきょく): Political situation
それとなく言う: To allude to, insinuate something
悪知恵(わるぢえ)が働く(はたらく): To be crafty, cunning
一両日中に(いちりょうじつちゅうに): In a few days
常任(じょうにん): Standing, permanent
耐性(たいせい)菌(きん): Resistant (bacteria)
めくる: Turn (pages)
分かり切った(わかりきった): Obvious
恩知らず(おんしらず): Ungrateful
素面(しらふ): Sober
即座(そくざ): Immediately
とっつきにくい(人): Tough to approach (person)
奇襲(きしゅう): Sneak attack
こりごり: To be fed up of X
復帰(ふっき): Comeback; return
内通(ないつう): Secret communication

Friday, August 27, 2010

The distinguished gentleman


A cool word I stumbled upon recently that, unfortunately, no longer describes me. (Hell, it probably never did in the first place!)

独身貴族:どくしんきぞく
The swinging bachelor
The aristocratic nobleman


Basically, a 独身貴族 is a dude who has enough money and time to live the good, SINGLE life, most probably to the bitter end. Good examples might be actor George Clooney or billionaire entrepreneur Richard Branson.

For further reference:
Wikipedia(日本語)
Zokugo dictionary

Tuesday, August 24, 2010

今週の単語帳:8月24日

8月24日

1.成仏(じょうぶつ): To die
2.おおらか: Easygoing; laid back
3.堪える(こらえる): Stifle; repress; hold back
4.先天的(せんてんてき): Congenital; in-born
5.一睡(いっすい)もしない: No sleep a wink
6.連立(れんりつ): Alliance; coalition
7.ずらがる: To skip out on (paying)
8.温厚(おんこう): Good-natured
9.引き付ける(ひきつける): To attract; to charm; to fascinate
10.重力(じゅうりょく): Gravity
11.かねがね(うかがう): (to hear) a lot (about someone)
12.来世(らいせ): To go to the next world
13.唖然とする(あぜん): To be dumbfounded
14.鎮静剤(ちんせいざい): Tranquilizer; sedative
15.年貢の納める(ねんぐのおさめる): "One's number is up"
16.頭突き(ずつき): Headbutt
17.世直し(よなおし): To fix the world
18.見下す(みくだす): To look down on; to despise
19.呼び捨て(よびすて): To use someone's name w/out ~さん
20.忠実(ちゅうじつ): Faithful
21.他界(たかい): To pass away (to a different world)
22.氷柱(つらら): Icicle
23.永眠(えいみん): To expire; to take the "big sleep"
24.請願(せいがん): Petition
25.潮(しお): Tide

Saturday, August 07, 2010

I'm not a child!

子供じゃあるまいし!
神様じゃあるまいし!
この世の終わりじゃあるまいし!

Great way to express negation for the preceding noun/clause.

You're not a child!
I'm not God!
It's not like it's the end of the world or anything!


In a bit more context:

A: おい、言葉使いに気をつけろ!子供じゃあるまいし!
B: すいません!

A: 何で彼はそんなことすんの?
B: 知るか!知ってるわけない、神様じゃあるまいし。

A: 彼女に振られたんだ。もう、これから生きていけないな。
B: 元気出せよ。この世の終わりじゃあるまいし、可愛い子いっぱいいるんだぞ!

Saturday, July 31, 2010

Come rain or shine!

Cool expression:
雨が降ろうが槍が降ろうが(あめがふろうがやりがふろうが)

Encountered this in some grammar studies. Basically, it is the Japanese equivalent of "come rain or shine, someone will go somewhere." But this one is a lot cooler sounding -- if translated directly it means "come rain or arrows."

According to 広辞苑, it means: どんなことがあっても。どんな困難に出会ってもやり抜けるという決意をこめた語。Most of the examples I've seen use 行く following the construction, but other action verbs are possible.

例文: 
雨が降ろうが槍が降ろうが北海道に行きたいな。
例文: 
雨が降ろうが槍が降ろうが列に並びたい。

There are several other variations of this construction, all with similar meanings.


雨が降ろうと槍が降ろうと

雨が降っても槍が降っても


Tuesday, July 27, 2010

Vocabulary review

Post-JLPT slacking has left me with a huge backlog of vocab that I have yet to completely process. Most of these words I have come across in the context of everyday life. For now, I'll just post the words and their English equivalents. Sentences and definitions have been updated!

ブーヤー!


1.はったりをかける:Bluff
2.躊躇(ちゅうちょ):Hesitate, pause, hang back
3.ぞっとする:Freeze, be scared
4.忠誠(ちゅうせい):Loyalty, allegiance

5.~に備えて(そなえて):For, against, in case, toward
    例文: 彼女は事故に備えて、車ではいつもシートベルトを締めている。

6.報われる(むくわれる):Payoff, be rewarded
    例文: 努力が報われて彼は成功を手に入れた。

7.概略(がいりゃく):Outline
8.概要(がいよう):Summary, breakdown
9.~日和(ひより):Perfect day for ~
10.絆創膏(ばんそうこう):Band-aid
11.こじれる:To complicate X even more, to be compounded by
12.規定(きてい):Stipulation

13.~狂いはない(くるいはない):Excellent; 100% X
    例文: 彼の人の見る目には狂いはない。

14.挫折(感)する(ざせつ):Be frustrated, suffer a setback (sense of frustration)
    例文: 多くの挫折を克服する

15.言い切る(いいきる):Say something definitively
16.麦藁帽子(むぎわらぼうし):Straw hat
17.恋敵(こいがたき):Rival in love
18.寝違える(ねちがえる):To get a crick in one's neck

Thursday, July 08, 2010

Random review

A couple of words from my deck that ya'all might find useful 'round about now...

百聞は一見にしかず(ひゃくぶんはいっけんにしかず)

意味:人から何回も話を聞くより、直接見てしまったほうが:ことのたとえ。  
A metaphor that says seeing something directly is better than hearing it from someone many times; "Seeing is believing."
例文: 万里の長城のすごさは、百聞は一見に如かず、見てみないと実感できないだろう。
英文: Until you see the Great Wall of China, you can't really experience its wonder. Seeing is believing!

身に余る光栄(みにあまるこうえい)

意味: 大変な贈り物・褒め言葉などに対するの返事。
A reply to receiving a gift or praise; "I'm not deserving of such an honor."
例文: 部長から身に余るほどのお褒めの言葉を頂く。
英文: To received an almost undue amount of praise from one's boss.

And now, some quick shots.

背番号(せばんごう): Uniform, jersey number for athletes.
商談(しょうだん): Business negotiations.
ぼったくる・ぼったくり: Rip off ・ Rip-off.
思い切り(おもいきり): Thoroughly; with all one's heart; good and ...
 例: 彼を思い切りけとばした!

Friday, June 11, 2010

Run for the border!

In my town, there's a clearly identified demarcation between rich and ...er, less rich. I found myself trying to explain this, and having forgotten the word for border, could only come up with the word 境(さかい), which is almost always used in conjunction with a verb (see below). This confused the person I was speaking with. Which brings me to the subject of this post: how to say "border" in Japanese.

There are a number of words that translate as "border," but the most common is perhaps 境界(きょうかい), seen in the word 境界線(きょうかいせん), or "borderline."

  • 境界(きょうかい): Border, boundary, division. Often used as a standalone noun.

例文: 彼の農場と私の農場との境界はかなり長いです。
The border between his farm and mine is quite long.



Another common one is 国境, which can also take the suffix 線 to denote borderline. But in this case, it specifically refers to (as the kanji reads) a country's border.

  • 国境(こっきょう): National border, frontier
例文: インターネットに国境はない。
The Internet knows no national borders.

In the above example sentence, I used the word metaphorically, but it can also be used more concretely, of course.

例文1: その国境には、トランクの中身を見るチェックポイントある。
There is a checkpoint at the border where they inspect the contents of your trunk.

例文2: 仕事を探すために国境を越える。
I will cross the border to search for work.



Finally, there is 境(さかい), which can refer to a physical border as well as a mental state. It is usually used in a verb phrase. Here are some of the more common ones:

  • 境(さかい): Border; mental state

例文1: 我々の国はいくつかの国々とを接している
Our country borders several others.

例文2: 境を越える
To cross the border

例文3: その川が2つの農場の境を成している
The river forms the boundary between the two farms.

例文4: 生死の境をさ迷う
To hover between life and death.

例文5: 妻の死を境にして、彼の人生観は大きく変わった。
His view of life changed completely after his wife's death.

Monday, May 31, 2010

Dang slang

Talking to my wife this evening, I was discussing a word I came across on Twitter -- ぼったくり, which translates as "ripoff." Immediately, I thought this was a great word, a word that I could use on a regular basis, and, therefore, one that I wouldn't soon forget.

Which got me thinking again: I probably wouldn't ever actually here this word in its proper context again.

Why?

Because it's rude. And though we might call a shop a ripoff to our friends and even to said shop owner's face, that is not the case here in Dai Nippon. And it is even more so the case for Japanese learners. Slang is just often not used in front of us. It's a reality that's hard to escape.

Which leads me to this post. What slang -- and I'm not talking about the この野郎 stuff -- has been helpful for you, loyal readers? Here are a few from me. This list may be updated.

  1. ぶっちゃけ: To put it bluntly. Similar to 正直に言えば, but more emphasis.
  2. あり得ない: No way.
  3. うざい: Shut it! A harsher version of うるさい.
  4. あぶねえ: Derived from 危ない; emphasizes one narrowly escaped danger.
  5. あいつ・そいつ・こいつ: That guy/This guy, but derogatory.
  6. ぶさいく: Butt-ugly.
  7. ださい: Lame, uncool.
  8. はまる: Totally addicted to something (in a good sense).
  9. ほら: Hey! Look!
  10. こら: Hey! (usually preceding an angry statement).
  11. きもい: Gross. Shortened version of 気持ちが悪い.
  12. 面倒くさい: A pain in the ass.
  13. むずい: Hard; difficult. Shortened version of 難しい.
  14. 押忍(おっす): 当て字 for the common greeting.*
  15. ~ってば: Emphasizing preceding statement. ”I said ~"
  16. うけた: To "get" a joke; that was funny.
  17. K.Y./ 空気が読めない: Unable to read a situation well.
  18. 超(ちょう):Super; Very.
  19. ドタキャン: Last-minute cancellation.
  20. ~っていうか: ...er, rather...

Friday, March 26, 2010

貴方への熟語

知恵を絞る(ちえをしぼる): To wrack one's brains


良心がとがめて(りょうしん): To have one's conscience bother one


涙腺がゆるい(るいせん): To be easily moved to tears


波風を立てる(なみかぜをたてる):
To make waves, to rock the boat


手綱を引く (たづなをひく): To take the reigns (be the boss)
   を握る (にぎる): Roughly same as above


財布のひもを握る    (さいふのひもをにぎる): Control the purse strings
       を絞める   (しめる): Tighten the purse strings
       をゆるめる  (ゆるめる): Loosen the purse strings


火に油を注ぐ(ひにあぶらをそそぐ): To add fuel to the fire


波長が合う: To be on the same wavelength


目を疑う(めをうたがう): To doubt one's own eyes


明るみに出る・出す(あかるみをでる・だす):
To bring something to light

Monday, March 22, 2010

三寒四温

読者たちへ:

最近、寒くなったり暖かくなったりしている天気だなあ!もう風邪ひいてしまったかな?じゃなければ、もう少し頑張ってください、春が目の前だから。ちなみに、先日俺はこの話しとの関係ある単語を学んだ。それは:

三寒四温

三寒四温(さんかんしおん): A cycle of three cold days and four warm days. 例: この季節、三寒四温であったかくなったり寒くなったりは毎年のことですが、今年は極端すぎな気がする。
俺はこの例文とは同意します...桜、早く咲け!

Tuesday, March 16, 2010

あえて言えば: If I dare say it...

The "Dictionary of Advanced Japanese Grammar" is one of the key texts for Japanese learners, but one of the problems with both this book and the intermediate version is that there's no division of common usage --I mean which terms are archaic (quite a few) and which points are commonly used in everyday speech (a surprising number).
By reading the "Advanced" book from cover to cover in the coming months, I'm hoping to bridge this gap by posting on the more commonly encountered grammar points in the text. So, without further adieu, I give you:

あえて

あえて: An adverb that expresses the speaker's or writer's desire or will to dare to do something in spite of difficulty, danger or opposition.
Meaning: Daringly; boldly; dare to ~; venture ~ ; force oneself to ~
Related expressions: 思い切って*; 強いて*


Examples:
A例: 部長はあえて社長に反対意見を述べた。
The section chief boldly expressed his opposing view to the company president.
B例: 彼はあえて私の計画に反対しなかった。
He didn't dare object to my plan.

Similar examples, but one uses the affirmative, the other the negative. Pretty simple to grasp!

Notes: In using あえて, the person who "dares to to do something" has to be a person one is familiar with. For example / are acceptable, but あの通行人 is not, because the speaker/writer is not on familiar terms with the "passerby."

C例:  / / あの通行人 / は赤信号だったのに、あえて道を渡った。

*Related expression 1: 思い切って
The key difference here is that with あえて, one dares to do something that runs contrary to common sense in spite of difficulty/danger/opposition, but 思い切って is used when one "resolutely" does something difficult to do. あえて doesn't imply strong determination. 思い切って is also used only with an affirmative predicate (ex: 君の言うことにあえて / 思い切って反対しない). In this case, 思い切って cannot be used.

Basically:
あえて= doing something against the grain/opposite of common sense.
思い切って= resolving to do something despite its difficulty.

**Related expression 2: 強いて
With 強いて, you are forcing yourself to do something, usually to chose something, but there is no opposition/danger in this. It is often used in the phrase 強いて言えば.
(ex: どちらの絵の方がいいかは言いにくいけれど、強いて言えばこのセザンヌの方だ。

Saturday, March 06, 2010

Vocabulary Review

Recent vocabulary
*Definitions will follow shortly.
-Ed: Some definitions added. More to come soon. 3.8.10
-Ed. Final definitions added. Next entry to break down differences of similar words. 3.9.10


昏睡(こんすい)状態: Coma
延べ棒(のべぼう): Bar, i.e. gold bar
名簿(めいぼ): Roll, list, directory
かさぶた: Scab
怠る(おこたる): Neglect, shirk, skip
怠ける(なまける): Lazy, slack, idle
仮病(けびょう): Fake illness
照明(しょうめい): Illumination, lighting
なでる(なでる): To pat, stroke
遊牧民(ゆうぼくみん): Nomad
貫通(かんつう): To pierce
サソリ: Scorpion
お蔵入り(おくらいり)になる: To shelve (often used with movies); to put on back burner
育成(いくせい): Cultivate, nurture, train, grow
点数(てんすう): Points
蒸れる(むれる): To get steamy, wet
のぞく: To peek on
見抜く(みぬく): To see through
歴任(れきにん): Positions, posts held
志願(しがん): To apply
捕虜(ほりょ): Captive, prisoner
加わる(くわわる): Join, take part in
妥当(だとう): Valid, legitimate
除草剤(じょそうざい): Weed killer
裂く(さく): To tear, rip
栓を抜く(せんをぬく): To tap (as in to tap a beer/keg)
打ち寄せる(うちよせる): To wash up, lap
攻め寄せる(せめよせる): Advance on, attack
押し寄せる(おしよせる): To flood, throng
ばてる: To be very tired
ふける: Indulge in, wallow in, be absorbed in
協定(きょうてい): Treaty, agreement, pact
黙秘権(もくひけん): Right to silence; Fifth Amendment
慕う(したう): Yearn, adore
祝福(しゅくふく): To bless
志す(こころざす): Intend to be X, set one's mind to X, aim for X
努める(つとめる): To endeavor, try
心掛ける(こころがける): Try, aim for, focus on
回想(かいそう): To reminisce, look back
顧みる・省みる(かえりみる): Reflect, look back on
興じる(きょうじる): Amuse oneself with X, enjoy
なれ合い: Coziness, collusion
癒着(ゆちゃく): Collusion, back-scratching
欺く(あざむく): To deceive
陳情(ちんじょう): To lobby for ~
部類(ぶるい): Class, grouping
亡命(ぼうめい): To defect, go into exile
美名(びめい): Pretext
行使(こうし): To exercise, use

Friday, February 05, 2010

勉強の仕方


日本語能力試験一級が不合格だったから、新しい勉強の仕方を考えよううと思っている。もちろん会話の練習は毎日機会がある。それ以外30分ほどテキストをやったり、単語帳も作ったり、ウエブニュースも読んだりしているけどなんか足りないなと思う。
皆さん、自分達の勉強の仕方、またはお勧めの仕方があるなら、ぜひ教えてください。

Monday, November 02, 2009

Bookworm part 243

Here are a couple of useful words I picked up recently in the news:

潔癖性・症(けっぺきしょう): Clean freak*
身代金(みのしろきん): Ransom
接種 (せっしゅ): Inoculation
進駐・軍(しんちゅう・ぐん): Occupation (forces)**
大陸間弾道弾(たいりくかんだんどうだん): ICBM

*症 or 性 are both used, but according to a Google search, 症 is the more common usage.
**A synonym for this word is 占領 (せんりょう), a term more commonly associated with the U.S. Occupation of Japan.


And a few bonus expressions:

1.キツネ嫁入り(きつねよめいり): Sun showers
例: 昨日は晴れるだと思ったのに所によってはキツネの嫁入りだ。

2.お払い箱にする・なる(おはらいばこ): Discard (someone); fire someone ・ be fired
例: 僕はもう少しでお払い箱になるところだった。

3.もとはといえば: When you get down to it; Originally
例: 元はといえば、君が悪い。

Saturday, March 07, 2009

2級 Grammar review

This time, I'll be discussing the つつ's. This is one of those 2級 grammar points that has multiple meanings that are, at first glance, easy to confuse. The thing is, they're really different.

Let's start with this one: つつある

In the middle of doing .../ continuing to...

This formal expression is rarely used in conversation and shows some that something is in the process of progressing.

-masu形 + つつある

教科書の例: 最近、田舎がどんどん都会化しつつある
男らしいの例: 私は影響されていないけれども、世界経済はますます悪化しつつあるようだ。

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The next つつ, without the ある, means basically the same thing as ながら -- "while."

Aつつ,B : A and B are done simultaneously.


This expression is a bit rigid and bookish. ながら is the more conversational of the two.

-masu形 + つつ

教科書の例: 私は父の無事を祈りつつ病院に急いだ。
男らしいの例: 勉強しつつアメリカンアイドルを見ようとしていた。

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Finally, there is one more variation of つつ, this one often featuring も after this つつ.
This one is similar to ながら, again, in that it means "although" or "in spite of." It is used to describe how one can feel bad about something. Quite often, you'll see it paired with  知る and 思う, i.e. 知りつつ and 思いつつ

Although, though


-masu形+ つつ・つつも

教科書の例: 運動不足は体に悪いと知りつつ、時間がなくて運動ができない。
男らしいの例: この記入を書くのはすごく時間がかかると知りつつ、書いてからこれ以上に何もできなくなった。

Feedback? Post comments below.