Showing posts with label Kanji Combat. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Kanji Combat. Show all posts

Tuesday, September 21, 2010

当てもなく書いた

Quick entry on the very useful 当て and its many forms. Here are a few off the top of my head.

当てがある: To have something in mind.
例文: 今晩泊まるところの当てはあるのか?
英訳: Do you have a place in mind to stay tonight?

当てが外れた: To be disappointed in one's expectation.
例文: もっと客が来ると思ったが、当てが外れた
英訳: I thought we'd get more customers, but I was disappointed.

当てにする: To expect, rely on, depend on, count on, look to.
例文: 彼はいつも私の援助を当てにしている
英訳: He always looks to me for help.

当てにできる: Reliable.
例文: 消息通の情報が当てにできるよ。
英訳: We can rely on the sources information.

当てにならない: Uncertain, unreliable, irresponsible.
例文: 彼の約束は当てにならない
英訳: His promises can't be trusted.

当ても無く: Aimlessly, for no reason.
例文: 当ても無く歩き回っているうちに浜辺に出た。
英訳: Wandering aimlessly, we arrived at the beach.

Friday, September 17, 2010

今週の単語帳:9月16日

9月16日
単語の英訳をできるだけ早く書き込む

密輸(みつゆ): Smuggle
鈍行(どんこう): Slow (train/trip)
政局(せいきょく): Political situation
それとなく言う: To allude to, insinuate something
悪知恵(わるぢえ)が働く(はたらく): To be crafty, cunning
一両日中に(いちりょうじつちゅうに): In a few days
常任(じょうにん): Standing, permanent
耐性(たいせい)菌(きん): Resistant (bacteria)
めくる: Turn (pages)
分かり切った(わかりきった): Obvious
恩知らず(おんしらず): Ungrateful
素面(しらふ): Sober
即座(そくざ): Immediately
とっつきにくい(人): Tough to approach (person)
奇襲(きしゅう): Sneak attack
こりごり: To be fed up of X
復帰(ふっき): Comeback; return
内通(ないつう): Secret communication

Friday, August 27, 2010

The distinguished gentleman


A cool word I stumbled upon recently that, unfortunately, no longer describes me. (Hell, it probably never did in the first place!)

独身貴族:どくしんきぞく
The swinging bachelor
The aristocratic nobleman


Basically, a 独身貴族 is a dude who has enough money and time to live the good, SINGLE life, most probably to the bitter end. Good examples might be actor George Clooney or billionaire entrepreneur Richard Branson.

For further reference:
Wikipedia(日本語)
Zokugo dictionary

Tuesday, August 24, 2010

今週の単語帳:8月24日

8月24日

1.成仏(じょうぶつ): To die
2.おおらか: Easygoing; laid back
3.堪える(こらえる): Stifle; repress; hold back
4.先天的(せんてんてき): Congenital; in-born
5.一睡(いっすい)もしない: No sleep a wink
6.連立(れんりつ): Alliance; coalition
7.ずらがる: To skip out on (paying)
8.温厚(おんこう): Good-natured
9.引き付ける(ひきつける): To attract; to charm; to fascinate
10.重力(じゅうりょく): Gravity
11.かねがね(うかがう): (to hear) a lot (about someone)
12.来世(らいせ): To go to the next world
13.唖然とする(あぜん): To be dumbfounded
14.鎮静剤(ちんせいざい): Tranquilizer; sedative
15.年貢の納める(ねんぐのおさめる): "One's number is up"
16.頭突き(ずつき): Headbutt
17.世直し(よなおし): To fix the world
18.見下す(みくだす): To look down on; to despise
19.呼び捨て(よびすて): To use someone's name w/out ~さん
20.忠実(ちゅうじつ): Faithful
21.他界(たかい): To pass away (to a different world)
22.氷柱(つらら): Icicle
23.永眠(えいみん): To expire; to take the "big sleep"
24.請願(せいがん): Petition
25.潮(しお): Tide

Saturday, July 31, 2010

Come rain or shine!

Cool expression:
雨が降ろうが槍が降ろうが(あめがふろうがやりがふろうが)

Encountered this in some grammar studies. Basically, it is the Japanese equivalent of "come rain or shine, someone will go somewhere." But this one is a lot cooler sounding -- if translated directly it means "come rain or arrows."

According to 広辞苑, it means: どんなことがあっても。どんな困難に出会ってもやり抜けるという決意をこめた語。Most of the examples I've seen use 行く following the construction, but other action verbs are possible.

例文: 
雨が降ろうが槍が降ろうが北海道に行きたいな。
例文: 
雨が降ろうが槍が降ろうが列に並びたい。

There are several other variations of this construction, all with similar meanings.


雨が降ろうと槍が降ろうと

雨が降っても槍が降っても


Tuesday, July 27, 2010

Vocabulary review

Post-JLPT slacking has left me with a huge backlog of vocab that I have yet to completely process. Most of these words I have come across in the context of everyday life. For now, I'll just post the words and their English equivalents. Sentences and definitions have been updated!

ブーヤー!


1.はったりをかける:Bluff
2.躊躇(ちゅうちょ):Hesitate, pause, hang back
3.ぞっとする:Freeze, be scared
4.忠誠(ちゅうせい):Loyalty, allegiance

5.~に備えて(そなえて):For, against, in case, toward
    例文: 彼女は事故に備えて、車ではいつもシートベルトを締めている。

6.報われる(むくわれる):Payoff, be rewarded
    例文: 努力が報われて彼は成功を手に入れた。

7.概略(がいりゃく):Outline
8.概要(がいよう):Summary, breakdown
9.~日和(ひより):Perfect day for ~
10.絆創膏(ばんそうこう):Band-aid
11.こじれる:To complicate X even more, to be compounded by
12.規定(きてい):Stipulation

13.~狂いはない(くるいはない):Excellent; 100% X
    例文: 彼の人の見る目には狂いはない。

14.挫折(感)する(ざせつ):Be frustrated, suffer a setback (sense of frustration)
    例文: 多くの挫折を克服する

15.言い切る(いいきる):Say something definitively
16.麦藁帽子(むぎわらぼうし):Straw hat
17.恋敵(こいがたき):Rival in love
18.寝違える(ねちがえる):To get a crick in one's neck

Friday, June 11, 2010

Run for the border!

In my town, there's a clearly identified demarcation between rich and ...er, less rich. I found myself trying to explain this, and having forgotten the word for border, could only come up with the word 境(さかい), which is almost always used in conjunction with a verb (see below). This confused the person I was speaking with. Which brings me to the subject of this post: how to say "border" in Japanese.

There are a number of words that translate as "border," but the most common is perhaps 境界(きょうかい), seen in the word 境界線(きょうかいせん), or "borderline."

  • 境界(きょうかい): Border, boundary, division. Often used as a standalone noun.

例文: 彼の農場と私の農場との境界はかなり長いです。
The border between his farm and mine is quite long.



Another common one is 国境, which can also take the suffix 線 to denote borderline. But in this case, it specifically refers to (as the kanji reads) a country's border.

  • 国境(こっきょう): National border, frontier
例文: インターネットに国境はない。
The Internet knows no national borders.

In the above example sentence, I used the word metaphorically, but it can also be used more concretely, of course.

例文1: その国境には、トランクの中身を見るチェックポイントある。
There is a checkpoint at the border where they inspect the contents of your trunk.

例文2: 仕事を探すために国境を越える。
I will cross the border to search for work.



Finally, there is 境(さかい), which can refer to a physical border as well as a mental state. It is usually used in a verb phrase. Here are some of the more common ones:

  • 境(さかい): Border; mental state

例文1: 我々の国はいくつかの国々とを接している
Our country borders several others.

例文2: 境を越える
To cross the border

例文3: その川が2つの農場の境を成している
The river forms the boundary between the two farms.

例文4: 生死の境をさ迷う
To hover between life and death.

例文5: 妻の死を境にして、彼の人生観は大きく変わった。
His view of life changed completely after his wife's death.

Tuesday, May 25, 2010

The system

I just bought an iPhone (I know, the new 4G comes out here in Japan this fall, but it was free!). And being the Luddite I am, after three days, I'm already baffled by its 使い方. So I headed to the Softbank store. There, I was required to take a number and wait. Not having time for a long wait, I wanted to ask the 店員さん if making an appointment was possible. And while I could have said 「すいません、予約お願いしたいんですが。。。」 or 「予約は可能ですか?」, I instead went with something new.



This time, I used , a word I had learned a while back in the context of 奴隷度. Basically, can be used to mean "system," as in 会員, or club system. You tend to see that a lot at karaoke.
Anyhow, I asked the clerk at the Softbank shop if it had a 予約, or in other words, if appointments were possible. I'm not sure if this is technically correct, but you can see from these ALC examples, there is a precedent.

予約制

Wednesday, May 19, 2010

Hang in there!

In this noble barbarian's quest to master the language, I'm often encouraged by the people around me with a rousing chorus of 頑張って's, as well as scolded with numerous しっかりして's. But up until recently, one word I had not heard was くじける (to falter, waver or be gutted [in the face of some trying obstacle). I suppose I like this word because it's similar to the cool British phrase, "to be gutted."

くじけるな!

In it's affirmative, as I mentioned above, it means to be gutted. But more commonly seen is the negative form and the imperative. Here are a few examples, followed by their English nuances. Enjoy.

  • 例文1: いざという時に決心がくじけて、ボスに給料を上げてくれって言えなくなった。
  • 英文: When it came down to it, I lost my nerve and couldn't ask my boss for a raise.

  • 例文2: 何度も失敗しても、彼の意気はくじけなかった
  • 英文: Even though he failed many times, he didn't let it dampen his spirits.

  • 例文3: 巨人に負けても、くじけずに頑張れ!シーズンは長いよ!
  • 英文: So you lost to the Giants?!? Hang in there, you guys! The season is long!

Saturday, May 15, 2010

Out of my league

Just a few seconds ago, I realized a rather unfortunate mistake that the Japanese in my circle of friends and family had let slip by (which tends to happen quite a bit, I guess out of fear of shaming me and my poor Japanese).
In trying to emphasize that my cooking skills couldn't compare to my wife's, I was saying 比べるものにならない (くらべるものにならない). What I should have been saying was 比べものにならない.
Granted, this is a small mistake in the eyes of many Japanese learners. But coming from the perspective of someone (like my in-laws) who never really have the chance to hear Japanese coming out of the mouth of a non-native speaker, well, it must be pretty daunting for them to get the gist of what that person is trying to say. Judging from the expressions on their faces, even a tiny mistake such as this one certainly must throw them off.
Anyhow, back to the word: 比べものにならない


比べものにならない (物を比較して優劣を競うこと): X is nothing to Y; X not in the same class as Y; X isn't in the same league as Y; X can't hold a candle to Y. Clearly, this means that X (the topic) isn't as badass as Y. もの is often writen in hiragana.

You get the picture. Basically, the most common expression goes a little something like this:
  • AはBとは比べものにならない
    There is no comparison between A nd B.
  1. 例文1: 昔のDodgersは現在のとは比べものにならない
  2. 例文2: 値段からして、この機械は例の機械とは比べものにならないと思っていた。

Thursday, May 13, 2010

Check please: お勘定、お会計、お愛想

"Check, please!"


Yes, there are many ways to say this in Japanese, just like in English.
  • "Can I have the bill?"
  • "How much is it?"
  • "What's the tab?"
  • "What's the damage?"
  • "What's the bad news?"
In Japanese, though, there are what I like to call "The Big Three" -- 【お勘定、お会計、お愛想】その三つっていうのは飲み屋、居酒屋などでよく使われた言葉で確かに便利です。

  • 会計(かいけい): This one is likely the most commonly used of "The Big Three." It's kind of the fail-safe word that can always be used, regardless of level of formality, etc. It's English translation is "check" or "bill."

  • 勘定(かんじょう): In my experience, this is probably the second-most commonly used of the three. It has the nuance of "tab" in English because it's original meaning is basically "calculation."

  • 愛想(あいそ): This one is definitely the lesser-known of "The Big Three." 愛想's original meaning is "sociability" or "affability." Adding the お clarifies the meaning into something more along the lines of "flattery." But that aside, this word was also used by restaurants/izakayas in the expression 『お愛想が足りなくてすみませんが・・・』 when presenting the customer with the bill. Initially, this was only used by the restaurant and not the customer. However, お愛想 was later requisitioned by the 客側 in a kind of 面白おかしい humorous sense, and is now a part of the parlance.

Thursday, April 01, 2010

Cool words of the day

Greetings!
Was taking another shot at world domination the other day, and heard one of the plebs exclaim 「天下を取らせないぞ!」, and was reminded of yet ANOTHER way to say conquer the world in Japanese. Maybe it was the whole 武士道 culture, but there seem to be so many different ways to express "rule the world/come to power." Here are a few!

天下を取る(てんかをとる): Rule over the land

世界征服(せかいせいふく): World domination

世界を制する(せかいをせいする): Rule the world

世界を支配する(せかいをしはいする):Control the world

And, for your added pleasure, here are a few more related terms:

帝国(ていこく):Imperial

天皇(てんのう): Emperor (of Japan)

皇帝(こうてい)帝王(ていおう):
Emperor

王者(おうしゃ):King

主権者(しゅけんしゃ):
Sovereign

最高主権者(さいこうしゅけんしゃ):
Supreme Ruler

専制者(専制者):
Dictator

独裁者(どくさいしゃ):
Despot

暴君(ぼうくん):
Tyrant

黒幕(くろまく):Mastermind; kingmaker

Friday, March 26, 2010

貴方への熟語

知恵を絞る(ちえをしぼる): To wrack one's brains


良心がとがめて(りょうしん): To have one's conscience bother one


涙腺がゆるい(るいせん): To be easily moved to tears


波風を立てる(なみかぜをたてる):
To make waves, to rock the boat


手綱を引く (たづなをひく): To take the reigns (be the boss)
   を握る (にぎる): Roughly same as above


財布のひもを握る    (さいふのひもをにぎる): Control the purse strings
       を絞める   (しめる): Tighten the purse strings
       をゆるめる  (ゆるめる): Loosen the purse strings


火に油を注ぐ(ひにあぶらをそそぐ): To add fuel to the fire


波長が合う: To be on the same wavelength


目を疑う(めをうたがう): To doubt one's own eyes


明るみに出る・出す(あかるみをでる・だす):
To bring something to light

Saturday, March 06, 2010

Vocabulary Review

Recent vocabulary
*Definitions will follow shortly.
-Ed: Some definitions added. More to come soon. 3.8.10
-Ed. Final definitions added. Next entry to break down differences of similar words. 3.9.10


昏睡(こんすい)状態: Coma
延べ棒(のべぼう): Bar, i.e. gold bar
名簿(めいぼ): Roll, list, directory
かさぶた: Scab
怠る(おこたる): Neglect, shirk, skip
怠ける(なまける): Lazy, slack, idle
仮病(けびょう): Fake illness
照明(しょうめい): Illumination, lighting
なでる(なでる): To pat, stroke
遊牧民(ゆうぼくみん): Nomad
貫通(かんつう): To pierce
サソリ: Scorpion
お蔵入り(おくらいり)になる: To shelve (often used with movies); to put on back burner
育成(いくせい): Cultivate, nurture, train, grow
点数(てんすう): Points
蒸れる(むれる): To get steamy, wet
のぞく: To peek on
見抜く(みぬく): To see through
歴任(れきにん): Positions, posts held
志願(しがん): To apply
捕虜(ほりょ): Captive, prisoner
加わる(くわわる): Join, take part in
妥当(だとう): Valid, legitimate
除草剤(じょそうざい): Weed killer
裂く(さく): To tear, rip
栓を抜く(せんをぬく): To tap (as in to tap a beer/keg)
打ち寄せる(うちよせる): To wash up, lap
攻め寄せる(せめよせる): Advance on, attack
押し寄せる(おしよせる): To flood, throng
ばてる: To be very tired
ふける: Indulge in, wallow in, be absorbed in
協定(きょうてい): Treaty, agreement, pact
黙秘権(もくひけん): Right to silence; Fifth Amendment
慕う(したう): Yearn, adore
祝福(しゅくふく): To bless
志す(こころざす): Intend to be X, set one's mind to X, aim for X
努める(つとめる): To endeavor, try
心掛ける(こころがける): Try, aim for, focus on
回想(かいそう): To reminisce, look back
顧みる・省みる(かえりみる): Reflect, look back on
興じる(きょうじる): Amuse oneself with X, enjoy
なれ合い: Coziness, collusion
癒着(ゆちゃく): Collusion, back-scratching
欺く(あざむく): To deceive
陳情(ちんじょう): To lobby for ~
部類(ぶるい): Class, grouping
亡命(ぼうめい): To defect, go into exile
美名(びめい): Pretext
行使(こうし): To exercise, use

Saturday, January 30, 2010

Words to the wise

Here are some vocabulary words that I have recently come across. Do with them what you will.


先回り: Anticipate; get a jump on X 

敵は先回りをして僕達が待ち伏せされた。


後回し: Postpone; put off

宿題を後回しにして、どこかへ食べに行こう。


甲殻類: Crustacean

水族館で様々な甲殻類が見られる。


代替エネルギー: Alternative energy

オバマ大統領は米国の経済を石油から代替エネルギーに変化したがる。


先制攻撃: Pre-emptive strike

ブッシュ元大統領はイラクがテロリストをかくまうことを疑っているから、国に先制攻撃を加えた。


する: A. strike (a match) B. lift; steal;pick (盗み取る)

a. マッチをすった。

b. 電車の中で時計を掏られた。


切り札: The ace in the hole; the Big Gunz

試合で負けるかと思ったら、監督は切り札を出して、逆転勝ちにした。


かする: Graze; barely hit

だんがんは私のヘルメットをかすって死ぬところだった。


焦点: Focus

カメラの焦点を何度も合わせようとしても、結局だめだった。絶対に返品する。


点る: To be alight; To be on (light)

台所の明かりは一日中ともっていた。


災難: Misfortune

災難は続くもの(ことわざ)


赤面: To blush

彼は自分のケアレスミスに気づいて赤面した。


敵討ち: To avenge

いつかこのかたきは討ってやるぞ。


新興宗教: Cult

オムは日本中の一番悪い新興宗教だと言われています。


芝居: An act (both in the literal and metaphorical sense)

あれはただのお芝居さ。


挑発(): Provoke/provacative

敵を挑発して、殴られた。


うなされる: To be troubled with nightmares

入院中家族のことについての悪夢にうなされた。


強制()(送還): To force; coerce (forced deportation)

この部族は北の地域から強制的に追放された。

Tuesday, January 12, 2010

Welcome to the gun show


In Japanese, much like English, there are a number of terms used to describe guns. This is amusing considering the strict firearm control laws of the country. Here are a few words that I've managed to dig up that either describe firearms or things associated with them. Answers to the vocabulary below are in bolded blue below.

銃(じゅう): The every day, generic term for a gun.

From 銃, we get the root-word for numerous other types of guns.
  カービン銃: Carbine
  機関銃(きかんじゅう):Machinegun
  空気銃(くうきじゅう): Pop gun; air gun
  散弾銃(さんだんじゅう): Shotgun (also、ショットガン)
  突撃銃(とつげきじゅう): Assault rifle
  猟銃(りょうじゅう): Hunting rifle
  短銃(たんじゅう): Handgun, pistol
  拳銃(けんじゅう): Handgun (more generic and commonly used than 短銃)
  小銃(しょうじゅう): Rifle

Another seemingly generic term, though less used than 銃, is 鉄砲(てっぽう). This word seems to have connotations of "pop" or "flash," as it is used in 鉄砲水 (flash flood).

Finally, here are some related terms that might help you get through any crime section of the 朝日新聞 or NHK news.

銃規制(じゅうきせい): Gun control ⇒Add 法 to get 銃規制法: Gun control law
散弾(さんだん): Shot, slug (for shotgun)
大砲(たいほう): Artillery, cannon
火器(かき): Firearm; gatt
弾丸(だんがん): Bullet, slug
銃撃(じゅうげき): Hail of bullets ⇒銃撃戦(せん): Gunfight, gunbattle
火薬(かやく): Gunpowder

Tuesday, November 10, 2009

明day!



Below are a few words that have the common kanji 明 in them. Some are strikingly similar, but with the below explanations, hopefully, you can determine what situations you would use each of them in.

明白
(めいはく):はっきりしていて疑う余地の全くない・こと(さま)。
Evident, obvious
例:「―な事実」
ALC hits: 221

明瞭(めいりょう): あきらかであること。はっきりしていること。
Articulate, clear
例:「―な発音」
ALC hits: 141

明快(明快):はっきりしていて気持ちがよいこと。筋道が整然としていて、わかりやすいこと。
Clear-cut
例:「―な答え」
例:「―な論理」
ALC hits: 70

明確(めいかく):はっきりしていて疑う点もなく確かな・こと(さま)。
Distinct, clear, focused
例:「―な日付が思い出せない」
例:「内容を―にする」
ALC hits: 851

自明(じめい):証明したり説明したりしなくても、すでにそれ自体ではっきりしていること。
Self-evident; tell its own tale
例:「―なこと」
ALC hits: 29

公明正大(こうめいせいだい): 私心がさしはさまれず、正しく事の行われる・こと(さま)。
Fair and square
例:「―な裁決」
ALC hits: 13

未明(みめい):夜半を過ぎて、まだ明るくならない時分。びめい。
Before dawn, daybreak
例:「明日の―に出発する」
ALC hits: 15

Tuesday, November 03, 2009

予予予! Booyah!




The other day, I had a hard time breaking down the differences between the following similar 予-words. A lot of them seemed downright the same, but there are subtle difference, which I will try to list. If you know more, please post in the comments sections. Thanks!

予測(よそく): Project; forecast. Often used with numbers and business. 
ALC hits: 1490
  • その数字は2倍になると予測されている。
    The number is projected to double.
予知(よち): Predict, foresee. In the sense that psychics can predict the future.
ALC hits: 71
  • ナマズが地震を予知できるというのは本当ですか?
    Is it true that catfish can foresee earthquakes?
予感(よかん): To have a hunch. Often used in the pattern ~予感がする, which is similar to ~気がする
ALC hits: 78
  • いいことが起きそうな予感がする
    I have a hunch (that) something good is going to happen.

予期(よき): Expect, anticipate, assume. Never used with 通り, as in 予想どおり.
ALC hits: 271
  • 誰にも9月11日に起きたことは予期できなかったはずです。
    Nobody could have anticipated what happened or September 11.

予想(よそう): Expect, anticipate, predict. Often used in compounds:
予想通り、予想はずれ、予想外、予想以上、 
ALC hits:1186
  • 私たちは招待客は6時に到着すると予想する
    We expect the guests to arrive at 6:00.

Monday, November 02, 2009

Bookworm part 243

Here are a couple of useful words I picked up recently in the news:

潔癖性・症(けっぺきしょう): Clean freak*
身代金(みのしろきん): Ransom
接種 (せっしゅ): Inoculation
進駐・軍(しんちゅう・ぐん): Occupation (forces)**
大陸間弾道弾(たいりくかんだんどうだん): ICBM

*症 or 性 are both used, but according to a Google search, 症 is the more common usage.
**A synonym for this word is 占領 (せんりょう), a term more commonly associated with the U.S. Occupation of Japan.


And a few bonus expressions:

1.キツネ嫁入り(きつねよめいり): Sun showers
例: 昨日は晴れるだと思ったのに所によってはキツネの嫁入りだ。

2.お払い箱にする・なる(おはらいばこ): Discard (someone); fire someone ・ be fired
例: 僕はもう少しでお払い箱になるところだった。

3.もとはといえば: When you get down to it; Originally
例: 元はといえば、君が悪い。

Monday, October 26, 2009

似た言葉:Unit 23

廃止(はいし): Abolish
死刑制度の廃止については、国会が考え中です。

廃棄(はいき): Abandon, discard
いらなくなった車は田舎の山の中に廃棄する人が多いよ。

放棄(ほうき): Renounce; relinquish
戦後、日本は憲法で戦争を放棄しました。

破棄(はき):Cancel, nullify
日本政府はTOYOTAの契約を破棄するという噂が流れている。